Already, the diversification of energy sources highlights progress in this area, with wind, solar, water, nuclear fusion, geothermal, bioenergy and others paving the way towards low-carbon economies.īy ‘energy sources’, we consider here the resources or technical systems from which energy can be extracted or recovered to be transported by a medium such as fuel or electricity (see ISO/IEC 13273, all parts). In parallel, the increasing awareness, pressure and need to reduce emissions and improve energy security demonstrate the need to reconsider energy production and use patterns across the globe. With developing countries’ growing energy needs, it is expected that global energy demand will rise by 40–60% by 2050 if we do not make additional energy savings. The demand for energy continues to rise, linked to demographic and economic growth, especially in the transport, industry, and construction sectors. We focus our discussion on energy issues including the diversification of energy sources, and innovations in access, storage, and distribution of energy, with a strong focus on the transport sector and electricity market developments. From greenhouse gas (GhG) emissions reduction to energy efficiency and the increased use of renewable-energy sources for power, heat or fuel, future innovations and standardization work in the energy sector must take a sustainability lens.Įnergy as a mega trend has a multiplicity of facets, not all of which can be included in this report. Changes in electricity markets, such as growth in developing countries and regionalization of energy systems, will set the scene for future evolutions in the sector.Īlthough energy trends involve significant technological and societal aspects, they have been included in the environment section of this trend report because the evolution of the energy sector is so interdependent with the global climate agenda 2050. The number of potential power sources is expected to increase over the next 30 years, as technological innovations in energy production and storage make renewables and new generation batteries cheaper and more efficient. The only path to success will be through technological innovations leading to energy savings, low/zero carbon energy sources, carbon capture, and greater energy efficiency (see ‘ Environmental degradation’ for more on resource management and carbon storage). In addition, energy-related CO 2 emissions are too high to meet international commitments to the climate agenda by 2050. Global energy use is increasing dramatically, primarily driven by increasing demand for electricity.
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